þʵVLANʵ 
 
缼ķչϷ̨㷽ҵ̨Ӵͳ̫(10Mb/s)չ̫(100Mb/s)ǧ̫(1000Mb/s)Ҳʱ䣬Ѹ͵ͷʵ˳Ծд͹ģ罨Уǧ㽻Ϊĵνǧܡ׵桱ģѲʤö١ڣҵԡ㽻VLANѾеİˡ 

һʲô㽻VLAN 

Ҫشǻȿ̫Ĺԭ̫Ĺԭöλγɵһֽϳһ֡֡(ʵһЩ)ڵндȣ̫Ҫݴ͵ĽڵԵ߽м̳ΪCSMA/CD(Carrier Sense Multiple Access with Collision Detectionгͻزַ)زʱĽڵڴݣڵ㽫òȴֱͽڵĴĳʱǡվͬʱ׼ݣ̫νͻźšʱڵеĹվ⵽ͻźţΪʱϵĵѹ˱׼ѹʱ̫ϵκνڵ㶼ҪȳͻܹݡҲ˵CSMA/CDʽ£һʱΣֻһڵܹڵϴݡת̫֡豸Ǽ,һ豸ЧʱȽϵ͡ 

ͻĲ̫ĴǲɱġԣϵĽڵԽԽ󣬳ͻӡԶ׼Ľ̫ϵĽڵ㣬ҪֶΡֶε豸õ뽻źͽĻֻȥεϢԣеϢֻصΣôźͽϾûϢͨЧϵĳͻźͽǻĿMAC(ʷʿ)ַתģǶ豸Ѿ֪̫ȱ㼰гͻӰ죬ڣһֵ罵ٶȵԭ򣺹㲥㲥еϣǽʵĿƣǱ磬ͨš㲥˴ҲûվĴЧʡڸָԭϵͳ(NOS)ʹ˹㲥TCP/IPʹù㲥IPַнMACַʹù㲥ͨRIPIGRPЭ棬ԣ㲥ҲǲɱġźͽеĹ㲥Ϣת·ᡣԣΪ˶Թ㲥пƣͱʹ··ǻڵ3㱨ͷĿIPѰַĿIPXѰַĿAppletalkѰַת·3豸 

Ǿ㽻ˣͨ׵ؽǽ·뽻϶Ϊһļ·ڶԵһ·ɺ󣬽һMACַIPַӳͬٴͨʱݴӳֱӴӶнٴ·ɣṩܣӶ··ѡӳ٣ݰתЧʡô˼ĽǳΪ㽻 

ôʲôVLANأVLAN(Virtual Local Area Network)˼VLANԲûλãݹܡӦõؽû߼ϻΪһԶĹ飬ÿûһ֧VLANĽ˿ϲһVLANͬһVLANеĳԱ㲥γһ㲥򣬶ͬVLAN֮㲥Ϣ໥ġָɶͬĹ㲥(VLAN) 

һ˵һVLANĹվһ㲥ôVLANеĹվյ㲥ǽὫ㲥VLANϵκһ˿ڡҪ㲥͵VLAN˿ڣҪõ㽻 

㽻VLAN 

µĽܶǻCiscoVLANCiscoVLANʵͨԶ˿ΪĵġڵĶ˿ڽȷפVLAN˿ڷVLANķʽֱ֣Ǿ̬ĺͶ̬.γɾ̬VLANĹǽ˿ǿԵطVLANĹ̡VTP (VLAN Trunking Protocol)ServerϽVLANȻÿ˿ڷӦVLANĹ̡ǴVLANõķ 

̬VLANγɺܼ򵥣ɶ˿ھԼĸVLANȽһVMPS(VLAN Membership Policy Server)VLANԷһıļļдVLANӳMACַӳ˿ڷVLANַкܴƣǴݿһǳҷǳĹ 

ʵ˵һ͵Ŀ̫ʵVLANν͵ľָһ̨߱㽻ܵĺĽӼ̨֧(һ߱㽻)ǼĽΪCOMֱ֧ΪPAR1PAR2PAR3ֱͨPort1ĹģĽҼVLANƷֱΪCOUNTERMARKETMANAGING 

1VTP DOMAIN 

VTP DOMAINΪ򡣽VTPϢнΪͬĹеĽмôֻҪںĽһеĽеĽܹ˽˴˵VLANб 

COM#vlan databaseVLANģʽ 

COM(vlan)#vtp domain COMVTPCOM 

COM(vlan)#vtp serverýΪģʽ 

PAR1#vlan databaseVLANģʽ 

PAR1(vlan)#vtp domain COMVTPCOM 

PAR1(vlan)#vtp ClientýΪͻģʽ 

PAR2#vlan databaseVLANģʽ 

PAR2(vlan)#vtp domain COMVTPCOM 

PAR2(vlan)#vtp ClientýΪͻģʽ 

PAR3#vlan databaseVLANģʽ 

PAR3(vlan)#vtp domain COMVTPCOM 

PAR3(vlan)#vtp ClientýΪͻģʽ 

ע⣺ýΪServerģʽָڱϴ޸ġɾVLANһЩVTPòͬVTPµVLANϢClientģʽָܴɾ޸VLANãҲNVRAMд洢VLANãͬɱVTPVLANϢ 

2м 

Ϊ˱֤ܹеķ֧м̡Ciscoܹ֧κνΪмߣΪʵм̿ʹеISLǩISL(Inter-Switch Link)һڽ֮䡢·֮估֮䴫ݶVLANϢVLANЭ飬ͨڽֱĶ˿ISLװɿԽVLANͽá 

ںĽ£ 

COM(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 2/1 

COM(config-if)#switchport 

COM(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation isl 

COM(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

COM(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 2/2 

COM(config-if)#switchport 

COM(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation isl 

COM(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

COM(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 2/3 

COM(config-if)#switchport 

COM(config-if)#switchport trunk encapsulation isl 

COM(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

ڷ֧£ 

PAR1(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1 

PAR1(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

PAR2(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1 

PAR2(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

PAR3(config)#interface gigabitEthernet 0/1 

PAR3(config-if)#switchport mode trunk 

 

ʱˡ 

3VLAN 

һ˹򣬾ͿԴVLANˡ 

COM(vlan)#Vlan 10 name COUNTERһΪ10ΪCOUNTERVLAN 

COM(vlan)#Vlan 11 name MARKETһΪ11ΪMARKETVLAN 

COM(vlan)#Vlan 12 name MANAGINGһΪ12ΪMANAGINGVLAN 

 

ע⣬VLANںĽϽģʵֻҪڹеκһ̨VTPΪServerĽϽVLANͻͨVTPͨееĽҪĶ˿ڻĳVLANͱڸö˿ĽϽá 

4˿ڻVLAN 

磬ҪPAR1PAR2PAR3֧Ķ˿1COUNTER VLAN˿2MARKET 

VLAN˿3MANAGING VLAN 

PAR1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1ö˿1 

PAR1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10COUNTER VLAN 

PAR1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2ö˿2 

PAR1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 11MARKET VLAN 

PAR1(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3ö˿3 

PAR1(config-if)#switchport access vlan 12MANAGING VLAN 

PAR2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1ö˿1 

PAR2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10COUNTER VLAN 

PAR2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2ö˿2 

PAR2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 11MARKET VLAN 

PAR2(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3ö˿3 

PAR2(config-if)#switchport access vlan 12MANAGING VLAN 

PAR3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/1ö˿1 

PAR3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 10COUNTER VLAN 

PAR3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/2ö˿2 

PAR3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 11MARKET VLAN 

PAR3(config)#interface fastEthernet 0/3ö˿3 

PAR3(config-if)#switchport access vlan 12MANAGING VLAN 

 

5㽻 

VLANѾϡǣVLANʵ()أʱҪVLAN(IP)ַˡVLANIPַһVLANеĽڵ侲̬IPַVLANеĽڵ䶯̬IPֱַܡ 

ǼVLAN COUNTERĽӿIpַΪ172.16.58.1/24ַΪ172.16.58.0VLAN MARKETĽӿIpַΪ172.16.59.1/24ַΪ172.16.59.0VLAN MANAGINGĽӿIpַΪ172.16.60.1/24ַΪ172.16.60.0̬IPַϵDHCPIPַΪ172.16.1.11 

(1)VLANеĽڵ侲̬IPַ 

ںĽϷֱøVLANĽӿIPַʾ 

COM(config)#interface vlan 10 

COM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.58.1 255.255.255.0 VLAN10ӿIP 

COM(config)#interface vlan 11 

COM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.59.1 255.255.255.0 VLAN11ӿIP 

COM(config)#interface vlan 12 

COM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.60.1 255.255.255.0 VLAN12ӿIP 

 

ڸVLANļVLANַһµIPַҰĬΪVLANĽӿڵַеVLANҲԻˡ 

(2)VLANеĽڵ䶯̬IPַ 

ںĽϷֱøVLANĽӿIPַDHCPIPַʾ 

COM(config)#interface vlan 10 

COM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.58.1 255.255.255.0 VLAN10ӿIP 

COM(config-if)#ip helper-address 172.16.1.11 DHCP Server IP 

COM(config)#interface vlan 11 

COM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.59.1 255.255.255.0 VLAN11ӿIP 

COM(config-if)#ip helper-address 172.16.1.11 DHCP Server IP 

COM(config)#interface vlan 12 

COM(config-if)#ip address 172.16.60.1 255.255.255.0 VLAN12ӿIP 

COM(config-if)#ip helper-address 172.16.1.11 DHCP Server IP 

 

DHCPֱַΪ172.16.58.0172.16.59.0172.16.60.0򣬲Щġ·ѡΪӦVLANĽӿIPַԱ֤еVLANҲԻˡ 

ڸVLANļãIPַѡΪԶIPַɡ 

ܽ 

ǱʵʹеһЩܽᡣͼͨ׶VLANȫ̡Ҹϸò裬ֻҪCiscoIOS˽⣬ĲѡձʾĲһһȫԸһ͵Ŀ̫罨VLAN 
 

