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  <title>Compiling Apache for Microsoft Windows</title>

  <summary>

    <p>There are many important points before you begin compiling
    Apache. See <a href="windows.html">Using Apache with Microsoft
    Windows</a> before you begin.</p>

  </summary>

  <section id="requirements">

    <title>Requirements</title>

    <p>Compiling Apache requires the following environment to be
    properly installed:</p>

    <ul>
      <li>
        <p>Disk Space</p>
        <p>Make sure you have at least 50 MB of free disk space
        available. After installation Apache requires approximately
        10 MB of disk space, plus space for log and cache files,
        which can grow rapidly. The actual disk space requirements
        will vary considerably based on your chosen configuration and
        any third-party modules or libraries.</p>
      </li>

      <li>
        <p>Microsoft Visual C++ 5.0 or higher.</p>
        <p>Apache can be built using the command line tools, or from
        within the Visual Studio IDE Workbench.  The command line
        build requires the environment to reflect the <code>PATH</code>,
        <code>INCLUDE</code>, <code>LIB</code> and other variables
        that can be configured with the <code>vcvars32</code> batch file:</p>

        <example>
          "c:\Program Files\DevStudio\VC\Bin\vcvars32.bat"
        </example>
      </li>

      <li>
        <p>The Windows Platform SDK.</p>
        <p>Visual C++ 5.0 builds require an updated Microsoft Windows
        Platform SDK to enable some Apache features. For command line
        builds, the Platform SDK environment is prepared by the
        <code>setenv</code> batch file:</p>

        <example>
          "c:\Program Files\Platform SDK\setenv.bat"
        </example>

        <p>The Platform SDK files distributed with Visual C++ 6.0 and
        later are sufficient, so users of later version may skip
        this requirement.</p>

        <note>Note that the Windows Platform SDK update is required
        to enable all supported <module>mod_isapi</module> features.
        Without a recent update, Apache will issue warnings under
        MSVC++ 5.0 that some <module>mod_isapi</module> features
        will be disabled. Look for the update at <a
        href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/sdks/platform/platform.asp"
        >http://msdn.microsoft.com/downloads/sdks/platform/platform.asp</a>.</note>
      </li>

      <li>
        <p>The awk utility (awk, gawk or similar).</p>
        <p>To install Apache within the build system, several files are
        modified using the <code>awk.exe</code> utility. awk was chosen since it
        is a very small download (compared with Perl or WSH/VB) and
        accomplishes the task of generating files. Brian Kernighan's
        <a href="http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/bwk/"
        >http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/bwk/</a>
        site has a compiled native Win32 binary,
        <a href="http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/bwk/awk95.exe"
        >http://cm.bell-labs.com/cm/cs/who/bwk/awk95.exe</a> which
        you must save with the name <code>awk.exe</code> rather than
        <code>awk95.exe</code>.</p>

        <note>Note that Developer Studio IDE will only find
        <code>awk.exe</code> from the Tools menu Options... Directories
        tab (the Projects - VC++ Directories pane in Developer Studio 7.0)
        listing Executable file paths. Add the path for <code>awk.exe</code>
        to this list, and your system <code>PATH</code> environment variable,
        as needed.</note>

        <note>Also note that if you are using Cygwin (<a href="http://www.cygwin.com/"
        >http://www.cygwin.com/</a>) the awk utility is named <code>gawk.exe</code> and
        that the file <code>awk.exe</code> is really a symlink to the <code>gawk.exe</code>
        file. The Windows command shell does not recognize symlinks, and because of that
        building InstallBin will fail. A workaround is to delete <code>awk.exe</code> from
        the cygwin installation and rename <code>gawk.exe</code> to <code>awk.exe</code>.</note>
      </li>

      <li>
        <p>[Optional] OpenSSL libraries (for <module>mod_ssl</module>
        and <code>ab.exe</code> with ssl support)</p>
        <p><strong>Caution: there are significant restrictions and
        prohibitions on the use and distribution of strong cryptography
        and patented intellectual property throughout the world.</strong>
        OpenSSL includes strong cryptography controlled by both export
        regulations and domestic law, as well as intellectual property
        protected by patent, in the United States and elsewhere.  Neither
        the Apache Software Foundation nor the OpenSSL project can provide
        legal advise regarding possession, use, or distribution of the code
        provided by the OpenSSL project. <strong>Consult your own legal
        counsel, you are responsible for your own actions.</strong></p>

        <p>OpenSSL must be installed into a <code>srclib</code> subdirectory named
        <code>openssl</code>, obtained from <a href="http://www.openssl.org/source/"
        >http://www.openssl.org/source/</a>, in order to compile <module>mod_ssl</module>
        or the abs project (<code>ab.exe</code> with SSL support.) To prepare OpenSSL
        for both <code>release</code> and <code>debug</code> builds of Apache, and
        disable the patent protected features in 0.9.6,  you might use the following
        build commands:</p>

        <example>
          perl util\mkfiles.pl &gt;MINFO<br />
          perl util\mk1mf.pl dll no-asm no-mdc2 no-rc5 no-idea VC-WIN32 &gt;makefile<br />
          perl util\mk1mf.pl dll debug no-asm no-mdc2 no-rc5 no-idea VC-WIN32 &gt;makefile.dbg<br />
          perl util\mkdef.pl 32 libeay no-asm no-mdc2 no-rc5 no-idea &gt;ms\libeay32.def<br />
          perl util\mkdef.pl 32 ssleay no-asm no-mdc2 no-rc5 no-idea &gt;ms\ssleay32.def<br />
          nmake<br />
          nmake -f makefile.dbg
        </example>

      </li>

      <li>
        <p>[Optional] zlib sources (for <module>mod_deflate</module>)</p>
        <p>Zlib must be installed into a <code>srclib</code> subdirectory named
        <code>zlib</code>, however those sources need not be compiled. The build system
        will compile the compression sources directly into the <module>mod_deflate</module>
        module. Zlib can be obtained from <a href="http://www.gzip.org/zlib/"
        >http://www.gzip.org/zlib/</a> -- <module>mod_deflate</module> is
        confirmed to build correctly with version 1.1.4.</p>
      </li>

    </ul>

  </section>

  <section id="commandbuild">

    <title>Command-Line Build</title>

    <p>First, unpack the Apache distribution into an appropriate
    directory. Open a command-line prompt and <code>cd</code> to that
    directory.</p>

    <p>The master Apache makefile instructions are contained in the
    <code>Makefile.win</code> file. To compile Apache on Windows
    NT, simply use one of the following commands to compiled the
    <code>release</code> or <code>debug</code> build, respectively:</p>

    <example><pre>
nmake /f Makefile.win _apacher

nmake /f Makefile.win _apached
    </pre></example>

    <p>Either command will compile Apache. The latter will include
    debugging information in the resulting files, making it easier
    to find bugs and track down problems.</p>

  </section>

  <section id="workspacebuild">

    <title>Developer Studio Workspace IDE Build</title>

    <p>Apache can also be compiled using VC++'s Visual Studio
    development environment. To simplify this process, a
    Visual Studio workspace, <code>Apache.dsw</code>, is provided.
    This workspace exposes the entire list of working <code>.dsp</code>
    projects that are required for the complete Apache binary release.
    It includes dependencies between the projects to assure that they
    are built in the appropriate order.</p>

    <p>Open the <code>Apache.dsw</code> workspace, and select
    <code>InstallBin</code> (<code>Release</code> or <code>Debug</code> build,
    as desired) as the Active Project. <code>InstallBin</code> causes all
    related project to be built, and then invokes <code>Makefile.win</code> to
    move the compiled executables and dlls. You may personalize the
    <code>INSTDIR=</code> choice by changing <code>InstallBin</code>'s Settings,
    General tab, Build command line entry. <code>INSTDIR</code> defaults to the
    <code>/Apache2</code> directory. If you only want a test compile (without
    installing) you may build the <code>BuildBin</code> project instead.</p>

    <p>The <code>.dsp</code> project files are distributed in Visual
    C++ 6.0 format. Visual C++ 5.0 (97) will recognize them. Visual C++
    7.0 (.net) must convert <code>Apache.dsw</code> plus the <code>.dsp</code>
    files into an <code>Apache.sln</code> plus <code>.msproj</code> files,
    be sure you reconvert the <code>.msproj</code> file if any of the source
    <code>.dsp</code> files change! This is really trivial, just open
    <code>Apache.dsw</code> in the VC++ 7.0 IDE once again.</p>

    <p>Visual C++ 7.0 (.net) users should also use the Build
    menu, Configuration Manager dialog to uncheck both the <code>Debug</code>
    and <code>Release</code> Solution modules abs, <module>mod_ssl</module>
    and <module>mod_deflate</module>.
    These modules are built by invoking <code>nmake</code> or the IDE directly
    with the <code>BinBuild</code> target to build those modules explicitly,
    only if the <code>srclib</code> directories <code>openssl</code>
    and/or <code>zlib</code> exist.</p>

    <p>Exported <code>.mak</code> files pose a greater hassle, but they are
    required for Visual C++ 5.0 users to build <module>mod_ssl</module>,
    abs (ab with SSL support) and/or <module>mod_deflate</module>.
    VC++ 7.0 (.net) users also benefit, <code>nmake</code> builds
    are faster than <code>binenv</code> builds.
    Build the entire project from within the VC++ 5.0 or 6.0 IDE,
    then use the Project Menu Export for all makefiles.
    You must build the projects first in order to create all dynamic
    auto-generated targets, so that dependencies can be parsed
    correctly. Run the following command to fix the paths so they
    will build anywhere:</p>

    <example>
      perl srclib\apr\build\fixwin32mak.pl
    </example>

    <p>You must type this command from the <em>top level</em>
    directory of the <code>httpd</code> source tree. Every
    <code>.mak</code> and <code>.dep</code> project file within
    the current directory and below will be corrected, and the
    timestamps adjusted to reflect the <code>.dsp</code>.</p>

    <p>If you contribute back a patch that revises project files, we
    must commit project files in Visual Studio 6.0 format. Changes
    should be simple, with minimal compilation and linkage flags that
    will be recognized by all VC++ 5.0 through 7.0 environments.</p>

  </section>

  <section id="projectcomponents">

    <title>Project Components</title>

    <p>The <code>Apache.dsw</code> workspace and <code>makefile.win</code>
    <code>nmake</code> script both build the <code>.dsp</code> projects
    of the Apache server in the following sequence:</p>

    <ol>
      <li><code>srclib\apr\apr.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\apr\libapr.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\apr-util\uri\gen_uri_delims.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\apr-util\xml\expat\lib\xml.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\apr-util\aprutil.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\apr-util\libaprutil.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\pcre\dftables.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\pcre\pcre.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>srclib\pcre\pcreposix.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>server\gen_test_char.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>libhttpd.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>Apache.dsp</code></li>
    </ol>

    <p>In addition, the <code>modules\</code> subdirectory tree contains
    project files for the majority of the modules.</p>

    <p>The <code>support\</code> directory contains project files for
    additional programs that are not part of the Apache runtime,
    but are used by the administrator to test Apache and maintain
    password and log files. Windows-specific support projects are
    broken out in the <code>support\win32\</code> directory.</p>

    <ol>
      <li><code>support\ab.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>support\htdigest.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>support\htpasswd.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>support\logresolve.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>support\rotatelogs.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>support\win32\ApacheMonitor.dsp</code></li>

      <li><code>support\win32\wintty.dsp</code></li>
    </ol>

    <p>Once Apache has been compiled, it needs to be installed in
    its server root directory. The default is the
    <code>\Apache2</code> directory, of the same drive.</p>

    <p>To build and install all the files into the desired folder
    <em>dir</em> automatically, use one of the following
    <code>nmake</code> commands:</p>

    <example><pre>
nmake /f Makefile.win installr INSTDIR=<em>dir</em>

nmake /f Makefile.win installd INSTDIR=<em>dir</em>
    </pre></example>

    <p>The <em>dir</em> argument to <code>INSTDIR</code> gives
    the installation directory; it can be omitted if Apache is
    to be installed into <code>\Apache2</code>.</p>

    <p>This will install the following:</p>

    <ul>
      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\Apache.exe</code> - Apache
      executable</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\ApacheMonitor.exe</code> - Service
      monitor taskbar icon utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\htdigest.exe</code> - Digest auth
      password file utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\htdbm.exe</code> - SDBM auth
      database password file utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\htpasswd.exe</code> - Basic auth
      password file utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\logresolve.exe</code> - Log file
      dns name lookup utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\rotatelogs.exe</code> - Log file
      cycling utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\wintty.exe</code> - Console window
      utility</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\libapr.dll</code> - Apache
      Portable Runtime shared library</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\libaprutil.dll</code> - Apache
      Utility Runtime shared library</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\bin\libhttpd.dll</code> - Apache Core
      library</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\modules\mod_*.so</code> - Loadable
      Apache modules</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\conf</code> - Configuration
      directory</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\logs</code> - Empty logging
      directory</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\include</code> - C language header
      files</li>

      <li><code><em>dir</em>\lib</code> - Link library files</li>
    </ul>

    <section id="projectcomponents-warn">

      <title>Warning about building Apache from the development tree</title>

      <note>Note only the <code>.dsp</code> files are maintained between <code>release</code>
      builds. The <code>.mak</code> files are NOT regenerated, due to the tremendous
      waste of reviewer's time. Therefore, you cannot rely on the <code>NMAKE</code>
      commands above to build revised <code>.dsp</code> project files unless you
      then export all <code>.mak</code> files yourself from the project. This is
      unnecessary if you build from within the Microsoft
      Developer Studio environment.</note>

      <note>Also note it is very worthwhile to build the <code>BuildBin</code>
      target project (or the command line <code>_apacher</code> or
      <code>_apached</code> target) prior to exporting the make files.
      Many files are autogenerated in the build process. Only a full
      build provides all of the dependent files required to build proper
      dependency trees for correct build behavior.</note>

      <p>In order to create distribution <code>.mak</code> files, always review
      the generated <code>.mak</code> (or <code>.dep</code>) dependencies for
      Platform SDK or other garbage includes. The <code>DevStudio\SharedIDE\bin\</code>
      (VC5) or <code>DevStudio\Common\MSDev98\bin\</code> (VC6) directory contains
      the <code>sysincl.dat</code> file, which must list all exceptions. Update this
      file (including both forward and backslashed paths, such as both
      <code>sys/time.h</code> and <code>sys\time.h</code>) to include such dependencies.
      Including local-install paths in a distributed <code>.mak</code> file will
      cause the build to fail completely. And don't forget to run
      <code>srclib/apr/build/fixwin32mak.pl</code> in order to fix absolute
      paths within the <code>.mak</code> files.</p>

    </section>

  </section>

</manualpage>

